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Cisco 300-540 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 60 
Refer to the exhibit. An engineer is troubleshooting a Cisco NFVI issue where the management node fails to start. Which service must be restarted to resolve the issue?
- A. kube-apiserver
- B. docker-kibana
- C. docker-cobbler
- D. docker
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Cisco NFVI, themanagement noderelies heavily on Docker containers for:
* NFVIS management functions
* VIM services
* Orchestration components
If the management node fails to start and the system shows:
docker.service: inactive (dead)
...then all Docker-based platform services also fail to start.
The correct recovery action is torestart the Docker engine:
systemctl restart docker
This brings up:
* All NFVI-required Docker containers
* Management services
* REST APIs and cluster components
Why other answers are incorrect:
* docker-kibana# Only affects Kibana logging container
* docker-cobbler# Used for provisioning, not core NFVI management
* kube-apiserver# Part of Kubernetes cluster, but relies on Docker; restarting it won't help until Docker is running Thus, the correct answer isB. docker.
NEW QUESTION # 61
What is a capability of a Cisco NFVIS SNMP trap?
- A. Controls the activities of a network host
- B. Retrieves an SNMP object variable from the MIB
- C. Sends an unsolicited notification to the SNMP manager
- D. Monitors the activities of a network host
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
SNMP traps in Cisco NFVIS (and in SNMP generally):
* Areunsolicited notifications
* Sent from the NFVIS deviceto the SNMP manager
* Indicate alarms, changes, or significant operational events
* Donotrequire polling
Examples:
* Disk failures
* VM crashes
* Host status changes
* Resource alarms
Why the others are wrong:
* Adescribes SNMP monitoring (done by the manager with GET requests)
* BSNMP cannotcontrolhost activities
* DSNMP GET retrieves a variable, but traps sendunsolicitednotifications Thus, the correct answer isC.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Troubleshooting an EVPN VXLAN issue, a network engineer should look into:
- A. The type of physical cables used
- B. The number of users on the network
- C. The underlay network configuration
- D. The encryption algorithms used
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 63
BGP flowspec is primarily used for:
- A. Authentication
- B. Distributing traffic flow specifications
- C. Access control
- D. Encrypting data traffic
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 64
Diagnosing NFVI errors and events often requires:
- A. Decreasing security measures
- B. Ignoring alerts
- C. Automated monitoring tools
- D. Manual log review
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 65 
Refer to the exhibit. An engineer must configure multihoming between router R1 and service providers SP-1 and SP-2. Locally generated routes must be advertised to the service providers, and should prevent the risk that the local autonomous system becomes a transit AS for Internet traffic. Which two commands must be run on R1 to complete the configuration? (Choose two.)
- A. neighbor 172.16.1.1 filter-list 300 out
- B. neighbor 172.16.1.1 filter-list 1 out
- C. neighbor 172.16.1.1 filter-list 200
- D. neighbor 172.16.2.1 filter-list 400 out
- E. neighbor 172.16.2.1 filter-list 1 out
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
R1 (AS 200) is multihomed to:
* SP-1 in AS 300 via neighbor172.16.1.1
* SP-2 in AS 400 via neighbor172.16.2.1
R1 must:
* Advertiseonly locally originated prefixes(its own network 10.10.0.0/24).
* NOTbecome atransit AS-i.e., R1 mustnotadvertise routes learned from one provider to the other.
The configuration includes AS-path access-lists:
ip as-path access-list 1 permit ^$
ip as-path access-list 200 permit ^200
ip as-path access-list 300 permit ^300
ip as-path access-list 400 permit ^400
* ^$ in AS-path ACL1matcheslocally originated routes(empty AS-path).
* ACLs 200, 300, and 400 match routes whose first AS in the path is 200, 300, or 400 respectively (used if we needed to match those provider or customer routes).
To ensure each upstream provider only receiveslocally originatedroutes, we apply AS-path ACL1as an outbound filter-liston each external BGP neighbor:
router bgp 200
neighbor 172.16.1.1 remote-as 300
neighbor 172.16.1.1 filter-list 1 out # only advertise local prefixes to SP-1 neighbor 172.16.2.1 remote-as 400 neighbor 172.16.2.1 filter-list 1 out # only advertise local prefixes to SP-2 This way:
* Routes learned from SP-1 (AS 300) willnotbe advertised to SP-2 (AS 400) because their AS-path will begin with 300, not empty, so they fail ACL 1.
* Similarly, routes from SP-2 will not be sent to SP-1.
* Only R1's own prefixes are exported, preventing AS 200 from becoming a transit network.
NEW QUESTION # 66
What are the key advantages of using cloud agents for network monitoring? (Select two)
- A. Enhancing scalability of monitoring solutions
- B. Reducing physical infrastructure costs
- C. Providing detailed and contextual insights into cloud infrastructure performance
- D. Decreasing network security
Answer: A,C
NEW QUESTION # 67
Which of the following are connectivity options to cloud providers from carrier-neutral facilities?
- A. Dial-up access
- B. Public internet
- C. Dedicated leased lines
- D. Direct connect
Answer: C,D
NEW QUESTION # 68
The primary function of DNS security is to:
- A. Increase website loading speeds
- B. Reduce the cost of internet services
- C. Store data more efficiently
- D. Protect against domain name system attacks
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 69
Onboarding VNF refers to:
- A. Updating VNFs to the latest version
- B. Monitoring VNF performance
- C. Removing VNFs from the network
- D. The initial setup and integration of VNFs into a network
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 70
In the context of high availability, EVLAG is implemented to enhance __________.
- A. latency
- B. redundancy
- C. speed
- D. simplicity
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 71 
Refer to the exhibit. An engineer must configure multihoming between router R1 and service provider SP-2.
Locally generated routes must be advertised to service provider SP-2. Which command must be run on R1 to complete the configuration?
- A. network 10.0.0.0 route-map as200only out
- B. neighbor 10.12.10.1 route-map localonly out
- C. network 10.12.10.1 route-map as200only in
- D. neighbor 10.0.0.0 route-map localonly out
Answer: B
Explanation:
On R1 (AS200), the requirement is:
* Advertiselocally generated routes(for example, 10.10.10.0/24 from AS200)
* Only towardSP-2, which peers on IP10.12.10.1
* Apply a policy (route-map) controlling what R1 advertises
In BGP, to controlwhich locally originated routesare sent to a specific neighbor, the correct configuration is:
neighbor <IP> route-map <map-name> out
This applies outbound policy filtering or permitting to the prefixes advertised.
Thus:
* The neighbor toward SP-2 is10.12.10.1
* The route-map must be appliedoutbound
* The command that accomplishes this is:
neighbor 10.12.10.1 route-map localonly out
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect
* A. network 10.0.0.0 route-map as200only outThe network command doesnotaccept route-map out.
This is invalid syntax.
* C. network 10.12.10.1 route-map as200only inIncorrect network, incorrect direction, and invalid syntax with in.
* D. neighbor 10.0.0.0 route-map localonly out10.0.0.0 is not a BGP neighbor; it's a network prefix.
NEW QUESTION # 72
EVPN Multi-Site (EVPN-MPLS) allows for which of the following?
- A. Single-homed connectivity
- B. Increased network resiliency and redundancy
- C. Simplified network topology with no backup
- D. Decreased network redundancy
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 73
SR-IOV is used in VNF optimization to:
- A. Encrypt data traffic
- B. Monitor physical network connections
- C. Provide direct virtual function access to improve performance
- D. Reduce network virtualization benefits
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 74 
Refer to the exhibit. An engineer must configure iBGP multipath load sharing across three paths. Which two commands must be run on router R2? (Choose two.)
- A. maximum-paths ibgp 3
- B. ip load-sharing ibgp 3
- C. ip load-sharing per-destination
- D. router bgp 101
- E. router bgp 100
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
RouterR2is insideAS 100and has three iBGP paths (via R3, R4, R5) toward AS 101. To performiBGP multipathacross these three equal-cost paths, BGP must:
* Run the correct BGP process forAS 100
* Allow installation of multiple iBGP paths in the routing table
This is done with:
router bgp 100
maximum-paths ibgp 3
* router bgp 100- enters the BGP process for AS 100 (correct AS per diagram).
* maximum-paths ibgp 3- tells BGP to keep up to 3 iBGP paths to the same destination, enabling CEF to load-share across them.
Other options:
* ip load-sharing ibgp 3- not a valid command.
* router bgp 101- wrong AS number.
* ip load-sharing per-destination- controls CEF hashing but does not enable BGP to install multiple iBGP paths by itself.
NEW QUESTION # 75
What is Virtualized Architecture primarily used for in the context of IT infrastructure?
- A. Decreasing system security
- B. Increasing physical hardware costs
- C. Simplifying legal compliance
- D. Reducing the need for physical hardware
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 76
Which command must be run on a Cisco IOS device to configure six parallel iBGP and eBGP routes that can be installed into a routing table?
- A. multipath eibgp 6
- B. maximum paths bgp routers 6
- C. maximum-paths eibgp 6
- D. maximum paths bgp 6
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Cisco SP Core Optimization Knowledge Cisco IOS supportsBGP Multipathfor installing multiple equal-cost BGP routes (both iBGP and eBGP) into the routing table. The correct global BGP command syntax to set the number of allowable parallel BGP paths is:
maximum-paths <number>
For BGP specifically, the form is:
maximum-paths bgp <number>
This enables the router to install up to the specified number of equal-cost BGP routes (iBGP and eBGP) into the RIB and then potentially into the FIB.
Setting:
maximum-paths bgp 6
allowssixparallel ECMP paths learned via BGP-this matches the requirement in the question.
Why the other options are incorrect
* B. multipath eibgp 6Not a valid Cisco IOS command.
* C. maximum paths bgp routers 6Invalid syntax.
* D. maximum-paths eibgp 6The correct keyword isbgp, noteibgp.Cisco does not use "eibgp" in this context; IOS supports BGP multipath across iBGP/eBGP automatically when configured under maximum-paths bgp.
NEW QUESTION # 77
Which of the following technologies are used for NFV orchestration? (Choose three)
- A. Yang models
- B. SNMP
- C. REST APIs
- D. NETCONF
- E. RESTCONF
Answer: C,D,E
NEW QUESTION # 78
Which statement best describes the difference between IaaS and PaaS?
- A. IaaS offers software applications over the internet, while PaaS offers physical hardware rentals.
- B. IaaS provides virtualized physical hardware, while PaaS provides a platform to develop, run, and manage applications without dealing with the underlying infrastructure.
- C. There is no significant difference; both offer the same services.
- D. IaaS is for private deployments only, while PaaS is for public deployments.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 79
Which of the following are benefits of using streaming telemetry for network assurance? (Select two)
- A. Reduced monitoring capabilities
- B. Real-time data collection
- C. Improved scalability and flexibility
- D. Increased network latency
Answer: B,C
NEW QUESTION # 80
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